24考研题源外刊阅读《纽约时报》双语精读版训练–谁是天生不会感染新冠的人？
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上期翻译答案
Major technology companies, which have seen some of the biggest declines in value,arelaying off workers, most of whom will probably get lower-paying jobs and experience more anxiety.
大型科技公司出现了一些历史上市值跌幅最大的情况，他们正在裁员，其中大多数被辞退的员工可能会从事薪酬水平更低的工作而且更焦虑。
《本期内容》
双语阅读
While many people may have avoided infection through precaution or luck, “never Coviders,” scientists believe, are truly out there: People who are naturally immune and whose genetics could hold clues for treatment.
虽然许多人可能通过预防措施或因为运气而避免了感染，但科学家认为，真的存在“永不感染者”：他们天生具有免疫力，对他们的遗传学研究可以为治疗提供线索。
One way for the body to be resistant to a virus is through geneticmutations. So, for example, the coronavirus needs what’s called an ACE2receptoron a cell in order tolatch onto it. If you have a mutation in that particular receptor, then the virus can’t get into your cells and can’t infect you. But that kind of mutation is likely to be pretty rare.
人体抵抗病毒的一种方法是通过基因突变。例如，新冠病毒需要和细胞上一种叫做ACE2的受体结合才能进入。如果你的这个特定受体发生突变，那么病毒就无法进入你的细胞，也无法感染你。但这种突变可能非常罕见。
Genetics also plays a role in how severely people get sick. Some people have mutations in theinnateimmune system, which is like the first responder part of your immune system and is pretty generic. More specific reactions, like antibodies for a particular virus, appear later in an infection. We know now that people who have mutations in that first responder system tend to have very severe disease. So theflipside is also likely to be true: Some people may have mutations that prevent them from getting infected at all.
基因在人们生病的严重程度方面也发挥着作用。有些人的先天免疫系统发生突变，这就像是免疫系统里的应急反应，是一般性的。更具体的反应，如针对特定病毒的抗体，在感染后过段时间才会出现。我们现在知道，在那个应急系统中发生突变的人，往往会患上非常严重的疾病。因此，相反的情况也可能真的存在：有些人的突变可能使他们完全不被感染。
Couldn’t they just be asymptomatic? People who are asymptomatic are still infected. The virus is in their bodies, but they have no visible symptoms, or really mild symptoms. That’s very different from what we’re talking about here — somebody who doesn’t get infected at all. But it’s been really difficult for researchers tohome inon the difference between these two groups, because so many people have been infected by now.
他们会不会只是无症状？没有症状的人仍然是受到感染的。病毒在他们体内，但他们没有明显的症状，或者症状非常轻微。我们现在说的是截然不同的情况，这些是完全没有被感染的人。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~
Some scientists are studying health care workers and caregivers who really should have gotten infected because they had such high exposure, but didn’t. The idea is that knowing what causes somebody to not get infected might help us figure out treatments for infection.
一些科学家正在研究没有被感染的医护人员和护理人员，他们接触病毒的频率非常高，本应受到感染。科学家认为，了解导致某人未被感染的原因可能有助于我们找出感染的治疗方法。
本文节选自：The New York Times（纽约时报）
发布时间：2022.12.16
作者：JONATHAN WOLFE, WHET MOSER
原文标题：Who Are the ‘Never-Coviders’?
词汇积累
1.mutation
英[mjuːˈteɪʃn]美[mjuːˈteɪʃn]
n.突变;(生物物种的)变异;(形式或结构的)转变;改变;
2.receptor
英 [rɪˈseptə(r)]美 [rɪˈseptər]
n.感受器；受体
3.innate
英 [ɪˈneɪt]美 [ɪˈneɪt]
adj.与生俱来的；天生的；先天的
4.flip
英 [flɪp]美 [flɪp]
v.(使)快速翻转，迅速翻动；快速翻阅，浏览；勃然大怒，心烦意乱；（快速地）调频道，换台；轻抛，轻掷；按（开关）；（话题、活动或意见）突然改变，突然转换；改变，交换（位置）；突然变得热情，突然极感兴趣；为盈利而从速转卖（股份，财产）
n.轻抛，轻掷，轻击；空翻；浏览，草草翻阅；短暂旅行（或游览）；蛋奶酒
adj.无礼的，轻率的
词组搭配
1.latch on 缠住（或抓住）…不放;对…产生浓厚兴趣;依附（于）;附着（于）;
2.home in 将注意力集中（于）；（导弹等）对…寻的，导向
写作句总结
原句：The idea is that knowing what causes somebody to not get infected might help us figure out treatments for infection.
结构：The idea is that knowing what causes somebody to do sth might help sb do sth.
例句：The idea is that knowing what causes the decline in innovation in companies may help them identify new paths for growth.
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